Human-based Systems for Translational Research

Authors : Robert Coleman, David Fox, Geny Groothius, Colin Garner, Ellen Berg, Katherine Tsaioun, Gerry Thomas
Edition :
Year : 2014
Description :

This book will provide a detailed history and discussion of the use of human tissues as an alternative to animal-based testing for assessing the efficacy and safety of new medicines. Beginning by providing the history and background of animal-based testing, this text then describes in detail the issues relating to access to human cells and tissue and the rules and regulations governing their use. The book contains chapters on tissue slices, culture, assays, microfluidics and body-on-a-chip technology, as well as chapters on emerging technologies and techniques such as engineered organs. Each chapter comprehensively covers a technique, from its utilisation and methodology to the opportunities and limitations of the method. Written and edited by Worldwide experts within the field, this book will be an essential text for biochemists and researchers working in translational medicine in both industry and academia

Abstract: Biologically based differences between the sexes impact human development and behavior in both obvious and subtle ways. Sex differences are also apparent across the spectrum of health and disease, impacting not only individual health, but also public health, biomedical research, and healthcare delivery. Researchers have begun to elucidate these differences and their potential impact in areas such as pain and pain perception, infection, longevity, disease incidence and course, and cellular response and inflammation. Studies have shown, for example, that males and females can have markedly different responses to certain medications; in some cases these unexpected differences have led to the recall of products from the market (GAO, 2001). In the current era of translational research and personalized medicine, it is increasingly important to take sex differences into account, so that the potential effects of products and therapies can be more fully understood

Content: 

• Introduction --
• Studying sex difference in health and disease --
• Studying sex differences in translational research: examples from four major disease areas --
• Reporting sex differences in research publications --
• Sex differences in drug development: policy and practice --
• Needs, opportunities, and next steps.

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